In 1862, the Tokugawa shogunate began publishing the Kampan batabiya shinbun, a translated edition of a extensively distributed Dutch newspaper. These two papers ended up released for foreigners, and contained only international news. Mussolini was a former editor; his Fascist regime (1922–1943) took full control of the media in 1925. https://sirketlist.com/story19934403/bulletins-no-further-a-mystery